Read the notes of General Science and prepare yourself for your examinations.
1. Which type of lens is prescribed for the correction of astigmatism of human eye?
Cylindrical lens
2. A person cannot see objects clearly which are nearer than 75 cm from his eyes. What disease is he suffering from?
Hypermetropia (Long sightedness)
3. When natural rubber is heated with sulphur, the properties are changed. What is the name of this process?
Vulcanization
4. Which phenomenon is involved in the process of dialysis, used on patients with damaged kidneys?
Osmosis
5. What are the major green house gasses?
Carbon dioxide, methane & water vapour
6. Which air pollutant is highly corrosive and damages buildings, marbles and textiles?
Sulphur dioxide
7. Which nitrogen pollutant produces irritation in eyes and can affect liver & kidneys?
Nitrogen dioxide
8. Which gaseous air pollutant causes leaf fall & retards the rate of photosynthesis?
Nitrogen dioxide
9. Which gaseous air pollutant causes the block of delivery of oxygen to the organs & tissues?
Carbon monoxide
10. What is the name of the association between two organisms in which they benefit without affecting the other species?
Mutualism
11. The intimate relation between fungus and algae is
Lichens
12. What is the name of the association between fungi & higher plant roots?
Mycorrhizae
13. Which is used as the bioin-dicator for air pollutants,particularly sulphur dioxide?
Lichen
14. Which gas, on coming in contact with blood forms carboxyl haemoglobin?
Carbon monoxide
15. Which element is the ultimate result of the radio active disintegration of Uranium?
Lead
16. Epiphytes are the plants which depend on other plants for .......
Mechanical support
17. Which natural phenomenon is indicated by the sudden fall in a barometer?
Storm
18. What is generally indicated by the rising in a barometer?
Fair weather
19. Which part of the brain has centres for maintenance of posture & equilibrium of the body?
Cerebellum
20. Cloudy nights are warmer compared to clear cloudless nights because clouds.........
Reflect back the heat given off by Earth
21. What will happen to the mass & weight of a man who circles around the Earth in a satellite?
Mass remains constant but weight becomes zero
22. Transport of food from leaves to other parts of plant is termed as..........
Translocation
23. Which biological process is an example for liberating energy?
Respiration
24. What is the reason for plants dying in winter by frost?
There is no transpiration
25. What is the name of organisms that derive their nutrition from dead plants & animals?
Saprophytes
26. Which process is promoted by the phosphatic fertilizers in plants?
Vegetative growth
27. Which nutrient is depleted most from the soil after crop is harvested?
Potassium
28. What role does chlorophyll perform in the process of photosynthesis?
It absorbs light & decomposes water
29. What is the name of the phenomenon of sudden appearance of heritable changes?
Mutation
30. What is also known as 'Milk of lime & Slacked lime'?
Calcium Hydroxide
31. Which chemical is industrially produced through Chloralkali process?
Sodium hydroxide
32. What is also known as 'Dry ice'?
Solid Carbon dioxide
33. The removal of material from the surface of an object by vaporization is known as.......?
Ablation
34. The setting of cement is an example of ........ change
Chemical change
35. Bleeding gums or tooth loss is symptom of which vitamin deficiency disease?
Scurvy
36. Dissolving sugar in water is an example for ........change
Physical change
37. What is the unit of measurement of ozone in the atmosphere?
Dobson
38. What is the unit of electric current?
Ampere
39. Which instrument is used to measure the potential difference?
Voltmeter
40. Which rays are used to detect cracks in the body of aeroplanes and automobiles?
X-rays
41. Which rays are used to detect the smuggling of precious metals?
X-rays
42. A controlled chain reaction takes place in a ........
Nuclear reactor
43. Which principle is used in atom bomb?
Uncontrolled chain reaction
44. The commonly used safety fuse wire is made of:
Alloy of Tin & Lead
45. For which mirror the image is virtual, erect and small size, whatever the position of the object?
Convex
46. The force of attraction between the molecules of the same substance is ------
Cohesive
47. Ink sticks to paper while writing because -------
Force of adhesion
48. Which substance is used to pour around the ships to calm sea waves?
Oil
49. Which principle is applied in the lift of an aircraft?
Bernoulli's principle
50. A blotting paper absorbs ink because of ------
Capillary action
51. What energy transfer is happening in a radio?
Electrical to sound
52. What form of energy is stored in a battery?
Chemical
53. Rockets work on the principle of --------
Conservation of momentum
54. Who invented dynamo?
Faraday
55. Which device is used to convert sound waves into electric waves?
Microphone
56. Sun is seen even after sunset. This phenomenon can be explained by which principle?
Refraction.
57. Which colour of light travels most slowly through glass?
Violet
58. What is detected by the Wilson Cloud Chamber?
Ionising Radiation
59. Which is the antiparticle of electron?
Positron
60. Which isotope is used to detect disorders of blood circulation?
Radio sodium
61. In 1912 who designed the modern X-ray tube?
Dr. William Coolidge
62. What energy conversion is happening in photosynthesis?
Light energy to Chemical energy
63. A ship floats on water. This can be explained by.......
Archimedes' principle
64. One Horse power is equal to.....
746 Watts
65. The sound produced by a Galton whistle is......
Ultrasonic sound
66. What causes fuzzy uneven edges of a shadow?
Diffraction
67. Becquerel is the unit of.......
Radio active decay
68. Which instrument is used to measure the hardness of materials?
Sclerometer
69. A vehicle silencer works on which principle of the sound wave?
Destructive Interference
70. Which physical property of the minerals is indicated by the Mohs Scale?
Relative Hardness
71. Which international observance is on 23rd October from 6.02 AM to 6.02 PM?
International Mole Day
72. What is the percentage of carbon present in the diamond?
100%
73. Name the metals which float on water?
Sodium and Potassium
74. Which metal is extracted through the Mond's process?
Nickel
75. Heating in the absence of air is known as .......
Calcination
76. What is the SI unit of pressure?
Pascal
77. What type of energy change is happening in a dynamo?
Mechanical energy converted into electrical energy
78. Which particle of an atom is known as cathode ray?
Electron
79. What are the anode rays of an atom?
Protons
80. Name the non-metal which shows metallic conduction?
Graphite
81. Which element has the smallest atom?
Hydrogen
82. The atom of which element is devoid of neutron?
Hydrogen
83. Which fuel produces maximum heat per gram burnt?
Hydrogen
84. Name the catalyst used in the production of sulphuric acid?
Vanadium pentoxide
85. What is the name of the quantity which has only magnitude and no direction?
Scalars quantity
86. Which are the examples of the scalars quantities?
Length, mass, time
87. What is the name of the quantity which has both magnitude as well as direction?
Vectors quantity
88. Which are the examples of vectors quantities?
Force, displacement, impulse
89. Newton's which Law of motion is based on law of inertia?
First Law
90. The dust particles come out from a carpet when it is beaten with a stick due to their .........
Inertia of rest
91. The rocket is propelled by which law of motion?
Third law
92. What will be the acceleration due to gravity at the centre of the Earth?
Zero
93. What is the value of acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface?
9.8 m/second square
94. What is the angle between displacement & the force applied, when the work done is maximum?
0 degree
95. Why ball bearings are used in the vehicles?
To reduce friction
96. At which part of the Earth is the acceleration due to gravity is maximum?
Poles
97. The acceleration due to gravity is minimum at.......
Equator
98. What is the approximate height of polar satellites from the Earth's surface?
800 KM
99. What is the approximate time period of rotation of a polar satellite?
84 minutes
100. What is the most important purpose of polar satellites?
Weather monitoring
101. What type of satellites are used to gather the informations on moisture present in air & atmospheric pressure?
Polar satellites
102. Who formed the Laws of Planetary Motion?
Kepler
103. What is the escape velocity on the Earth's surface?
11.2 KM/S
104. What is the name of the artiticial satellites revolve around the Earth in equatorial orbit?
Geostationary satellite
105. What is the approximate height of the Geosynchronous orbit above the Earth's surface?
36,000 KM
106. What is the time period of rotation of a Geostationary satellite?
24 hours
107. Which type of satellites are used for communication purposes?
Geostationary satellites
108. Which type of satellites are used for weather forecasting, studying the upper regions of the atmosphere & for mapping?
Geostationary satellites
109. In the projectile motion, the horizontal range is maximum when the angle of projection is.........
45 degree
110. In which year was the SI system of fundamental quantities adopted?
1971
111. What is the number of fundamental quantities in the SI system?
7
112. Which are the fundamental quantities in SI system?
Length, Mass, Time, Electric current, Temperature, Luminous intensity, Amount of substance
113. What is the SI unit of heat?
Joule
114. What is the name of the instruments used to measure the temperature of a body?
Thermometer
115. Which type of thermometer is used to measure human body temperatures?
Clinical thermometer
116. Who was the first to develop thermometer?
Galileo Galili
117. Which instrument is used to measure electric current & is always connected in series?
Ammeter
118. What should be the resistance of an ideal ammeter?
Zero
119. Which device can be converted into an ammeter by connecting a low resistance in parallel?
Galvanometer
120. Which device is used to measure potential difference between two points in an electric current?
Voltmeter
121. A voltmeter is always connected in parallel & the resistance of an ideal voltmeter is........
Infinity
122. A galvanometer can be converted into a ........ by connecting a high resistance in serise
Voltmeter
123. The transmission of heat in solids takes place mainly through .....
Conduction
124. What is the name of the mode of heat transmission in fluids due to actual movement of the particles?
Convection
125. In liquids & gases, heat is transmitted by ..........
Convection
126. What is the working principle of radiator in a motor car?
Principle of convection
127. The process of heat transmission in the form of electromagnetic waves is called.......
Radiation
128. Which mode of heat transmission does not require any medium for propagation?
Radiation
129. What are the examples for paramagnetic substances?
Aluminium, platinum, oxygen, chromium & manganese
130. What are the examples for the diamagnetic substances?
Gold, silver, zinc, copper, mercury, water, alcohol, air & hydrogen
131. Which are the examples for ferromagnetic substances?
Iron, nickel & cobalt
132. What is known as 'the physical basis of life'?
Protoplasm
133. Who was the first to discover the cells?
Robert Hooke
134. Which scientists together formed the cell theory?
MJ Schleiden & T Schwann
135. What is known as 'the Power house of the cell as it is responsible for energy production in form of ATP?
Mitochondria
136. What is known as 'the suicidal bag or atom bomb of the cells'?
Lysosome
137. Which cell structure is responsible for photosynthesis in plants?
Chloroplast
138. The condensed form of DNA is known as .......
Chromosome
139. What is the name of the chromosome which is caused by the condensation of the DNA by special protein?
Histones
140. In chromosomes, when DNA is not condensed, it is called .........
Chromatids
141. During the cell division chromosomes show chromatidshed together at a point called .......
Centromere
142. What is the name of the end portion of a chromosome?
Telomere
143. What acts as the unit of inheritance in living organisms?
Genes
144. Mitosis & Meiosis are two typesof ..........
Cell division
145. The cell division which takes place within somatic cells (cells that make up body) is known as ......
Mitosis
146. What is the name of cell division takes place within gamete cells?
Mciosis
147. What are known as the biological catalysts?
Enzymes
148. What is the optimum rate of temperature for the work of enzymes?
35-40 degree Celsius
149. The enzymes have an optimum pH of ...... range to work properly
7-8
150. Which are the spherical shaped bacteria?
Cocci bacteria
151. The rod-shaped bacteria is known as.......
Bacillus
152. Which are the spiral & helical shaped bacteria?
Spirillum
153. The presence of .... is an important feature of bacteria
Flagella
154. The flagella are the thread like structures found in bacteria meant for ......
Movement
155. Which fungi is used in the production of Vitamin B & D?
Yeast
156. Which fungi is used to produce citric acid?
Aspergillus
157. Which fungi is used to produce various enzymes?
Aspergillus
158. The symbiotic association of a fungi and algae is known as.....
Lichens
159. The symbiotic association of fungi & roots of higher plants is known as ..........
Mycorrhiza
160. What are the best known bio indicaters of sulphur dioxide air pollution?
Lichens
161. The body of which organisms are made up of filaments called Hyphae?
Fungi
162. The mushrooms belong to which kingdom of organisms?
Fungi
163. The edible part of a mushroom is known as ........
Basidiocarp
164. Which is the most common edible mushroom?
Agaricus campestris
165. ............. is an example for poisonous mushroom
Amanita
166. The animal diseases of Athlete foot & ringworm are caused by......
Fungi
167. Which fungi is famous for the production of antibiotics?
Penicillium notatum
168. What is the name of the bacteria which depends on dead organic matter?
Saprophytic
169. The bacteria which establish association with other organisms are known as ........
Symbiotic bacteria
170. What is the name of bacteria getting food from other organisms?
Parasitic bacteria
171. The common means of vegetative reproduction in bacteria is........
Binary fission
172. Which organism is known as 'the Joker of Microbiology?
Mycoplasma
173. The self food producing bacteria is called ......
Autotrophic bacteria
174. The bacteria which take food from others is called....
Heterotrophic bacteria
175. Which plant type is commonly called 'Amphibians of Plant kingdom'?
Bryophytes
176. Which plant hormone plays important role in seed ger mination?
Gibberellins
177. Which plant hormones influence cell division & shoot formation?
Cytokinins
178. Which plant hormone exists in gaseous state?
Ethylene
179. Which plant hormone affects the ripening of fruits?
Ethylene
180. Albendazole is a medication used for the treatment of a variety of ...... infestations Parasitic worms
181. Which capsule is used as a preventive drug against filariasis?
Albendazole
182. Which capsules are used to prevent the spread ofleptospirosis?
Doxycycline
183. Quinine & chloroquine are the medications used against which disease?
Malaria
184. From the bark of which tree is quinine obtained?
Cinchona
185. Which antibiotic is used in the treatment of both leprosy & tuberculosis?
Rifampicin
186. What is the chemical name of aspirin?
Acetylsalicylic acid
187. Due to which property of aspirin, it is used in prevention of heart attacks?
Antiblood clotting action
188. The overdose of aspirin is toxic to which organ?
Liver
189. The sleeping pills are examples for ......
Tranquilisers
190. Who discovered the world's first antibiotic substance benzylpencillin?
Alexander Fleming
191. The drugs used in the treatment & prevention of microbial infections are known as ...
Antibiotics
192. The antibiotics which contain mainly sulphur & nitrogen are known as........
Sulpha drugs
193. Which is the main chemical that contributes to photochemical smog?
Nitrogen dioxide
194. What should be the BOD for clean water?
Less than 5 ppm
195. What will be the BOD in highly polluted water?
17 ppm or more
196. For a healthy aquatic life, the optimum value of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) is ........
5-6 ppm
197. At what Dissolved Oxygen level is the growth of fishes is inhibited?
Below 5 ppm
198. The total amount of oxygen required by microbes to decompose the organic matter present in one Litre of water sample is known as..........
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
199. The total amount of oxygen consumed by the pollutants in a water sample is known as......
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
200. The poisoning due to which heavy metal causes Itai-Itai disease?
Cadmium
201. Which neurological syndrome is caused by the severe mercury poisoning?
Minamata disease
202. Which disease is predominantly found among the workers of the coal mines?
Black lung disease
203. Which lung disease is found among the textile workers?
White lung disease
204. Who developed the DNA Finger printing?
Alec Jeffry
205. Which organ of the body is affected by the disease trachoma?
Eyes
206. The toxicity of which metal leads to liver cirrhosis?
Copper
207. BCG is the immunization for which disease?
Tuberculosis
208. Which genetic disease is characterised by the abnormally shaped red blood cells?
Sickle cell anemia
209. Who is known as the 'Father of Organ Transplantation?
Joseph Edward Murray
210. Which vitamin required for the proper functioning of reproductive organs?
Vitamin E
211. Which branch of medicine was practiced by Rabindranath Tagore?
Homeopathy
212. The people with which genetic disease has resistance over malaria?
Sickle cell anemia
213. Which genetic disorder is also known as 'Christmas disease?
Haemophelia
214. The western blot test is a confirmatory test for.......
HIV infection
215. Which disease is detected through the ELISA test?
AIDS
216. Which disease is also known as 'Monkey fever'?
Kyasanur Forest disease
217. Which test is used for the screening of tuberculosis?
Mantoux test
218. Which disease is confirmed through the Wassermann test?
Syphilis
219. The diagnosis of which disease is done through Widal Test?
Typhoid
220. Who deviced the term 'vaccine for the first time?
Edward Jenner
221. The world's first vaccine was against which disease?
Smallpox
222. Who prepared the first vaccine of the world?
Edward Jenner
223. Which genetic disorder is also known as 'Daltonism?
Color blindness
224. The Ishihara test is used to identify which disease?
Color blindness
225. Which viral disease was certified by the World Health Organization as eradicated in 1980?
Smallpox
226. Which disease also known as 'Marsh fever'?
Malaria
227. Which disease is also known as 'Hansen's Disease?
Leprosy
228. Which is the oldest known disease in the human history?
Leprosy
229. Which disease is historically referred to as the King of diseases & the Disease of the Kings'?
Gout
230. Which disease is also known as 'Rich man's disease'?
Gout
231. Which disease is also known as 'Phthisis'?
Tuberculosis
232. Which bacterial disease is also known as 'Weil's disease?
Leptospirosis
233. Which disease was historically known in the names of 'White Death & White Plague?
Tuberculosis
234. The deficiency of which vitamin causes rickets?
Vitamin D
235. The severe stage of which disease is known as 'Black water fever?
Malaria
236. Which parasite causes Kala-azar?
Leishmania donovani
237. What are the main components of cement?
Calcium aluminates & silicates
238. Which raw material reduces the setting time of cement?
Gypsum
239. What is the supercooled liquid of silicates?
Glass
240. Which type of glass is also known as 'soft glass'?
Soda glass
241. Which type of glass is resistant to the action of acids?
Hard glass
242. Which type of glasses are clear & transparent?
Flint glass
243. Which acid attacks the glasses?
Hydroflouric acid
244. Which acid is used for the etching of glasses?
Hydroflouric acid
245. Which metal is used in the catalytic converters in cars to reduce the pollution from exhaust gases?
Platinum
246. Liquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas is predominantly composed of .........
Methane
247. Which chemical is produced through the Haber-Bosch process?
Ammonia
248. When copper sulphate is mixed with lime, it is known as ...... Bordeaux mixture What is the most common use of Bordeaux mixture?
Fungicide
249. What is known as the 'King of the Chemicals'?
Sulphuric Acid
250. Which element is used for manufacturing computer chips, solar cells and transistors?
Silicon
251. What is the main constituent in the LPG?
Propane
252. What is added to LPG to help warn of gas leaks?
Ethyl mercaptan
253. Which solution is used to conduct the glucose test?
Benedict solution
254. Which metal forms alloys with all metals except iron & platinum, so it is transported in iron containers?
Mercury
244. Which test is done to determine the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water samples?
The Winkler Test
SHORT NOTE
◆ Some substances such as solid carbon dioxide, change from a solid to a gas when heated. What is the name of this phenomenon?
Sublimation
◆ Water vapour transforms directly into ice without becoming a liquid. What is the name of this phenomenon?
Deposition
◆ Which plant is a highly efficient converter of solar energy?
Sugarcane
◆ What is the wave length of visible light?
3900 to 7600 Angstrom
◆ What are known as 'the wonder child of electronics'? Transistors
◆ What type of a satellite is used to broadcast a cricket match?
Geostationary satellite
◆ Which part of brain help the body balance?
Cerebellum
◆ Which part of the brain is known as 'Little brain'?
Cerebellum
◆ Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions like breathing, heartbeat & blood pressure?
Medulla Oblongata
◆ Which part of the brain controls the pulse, thirst, appetite & sleep?
Hypothalamus
DNA & RNA
◆ What are the two kinds of nucleic acids?
DNA & RNA
◆ What is the full form of DNA? Deoxyribonucleic Acid
◆ The RNA stands for .......... Ribonucleic Acid
◆ What serves as cellular database in organisms by storing an immense amount of information about all proteins? DNA
◆ Which nucleic acids are usually occurs in side nucleus & some cell organelles?
DNA
◆ Which nucleic acids are mostly found in the cytoplasm?
RNA
◆ Which are the Nitrogen bases present in DNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Thymine & Cytosine
◆ Which are the Nitrogen bases present in RNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Uracil & Cytosine
◆ Which nitrogen base is present in DNA but not in RNA?
Thymine
◆ Which nitrogen base is present in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil
Parts of Fruits
◆ What are the examples of false fruits?
Apple, jack fruit, pear
◆ What is formed from the walls of a ripened ovary or fruit?
Pericarp
◆What is the name of the outermost layer of fruit (pericarp)?
Edicarp
◆ What forms the tough outer skin of the fruits?
Edicarp
◆ The fleshy middle layer of the pericarp of a fruit is known as ........
Mesocarp
◆ In the fruits like mango, guava, grape & custard apple, which is the edible part? Pericarp
◆ In the fruits like apple & pear, which is the edible part?
Thalamus
◆ Which is the edible part of a coconut?
Endosperm
◆ What is the botanical term for coconut coir?
Mesocarp
◆ In some plants without fertilization, fruits are produced through ovary and the process of this fertilization is called --------
Parthenocarpy
◆ What is the main feature of fruits formed through parthenocarpy?
Seedless
◆ What are the examples of parthenocarpic fruits?
Banana & grapes
◆ Which is the edible part in rice?
Endosperm
Types of Pollination
◆ The cross pollination between flowers of same plant is known as .......
Geitonogamy
◆ What is the name of the cross pollination between two seperate plants?
Xenogamy
◆ The pollination in plants, facilitated by insects is known as...........
Entomophily
◆ What is the name for pollination by wind?
Anemophily
◆ Hydrophily is the pollination by..........
Water
◆ Pollination by birds is called...........
Ornithophily
◆ Zoophily is the pollination by........
Animals
◆ What is the name for the pollination done by bats? Chiropterophily
Temperature Scale
◆ What is the Celsius scale of temperature ice point?
0 degree Celsius
◆ In Fahrenheit scale, what is the temperature of ice point?
32 degree Fahrenheit
◆ What is the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit scale?
212 degree Fahrenheit
◆ What is the absolute scale or Kelvin of temperature ice point? 273 degree K
◆ What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin scale?
373 K
◆ In Reaumur scale, what is the temperature of ice point?
0 degree R
◆ What is the boiling point of water in Reaumur scale?
80 degree R
◆ What is the Rankine scale of temperature ice point?
491.67 degree R
◆ What is the boiling point of water in Rankine scale?
671.641 R
◆ In the Romer scale of temperature, what is the freezing point of water?
7.5 degree
◆ What is the boiling point of water in Romer scale?
60 degree
◆ In which temperature both Celsius scale & Fahrenheit scales show same reading?
Minus 40 degree
◆ What is the name of the temperature at which the three phases of water remains at equilibrium?
Triple point of water
◆ Which temperature is known as the Triple point of Water?
273.16 K